← Back to search

Food Preparation Workers

SOC: 35-2021 • Data from U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics & O*NET

Key Insights

Food Preparation Workers are a dynamic career within the sector, offering a unique blend of opportunities and challenges for professionals seeking meaningful work.

The median annual salary for this occupation is $34,220, which is above the typical salary for this field. Over the next decade, employment is projected to decline by -3.0%, which may mean increased competition for roles . The automation risk for this occupation is 25.0%. This suggests a high degree of job security, as automation is less likely to impact this role in the near future. Work-life balance is rated as 6.7, which can be an important factor for job satisfaction and overall well-being.

Individuals with Social, Realistic, or Conventional personality traits tend to thrive in this career. Key skills for success include Dexterity, Interpersonal skills, Listening skills, Physical stamina, Physical strength. Developing and refining these abilities can set you apart from other candidates and help you excel in your role. Notable strengths for this occupation are High Demand, Flexible Work, Continuous Learning. Leveraging these strengths can lead to greater job satisfaction and career advancement. Some common challenges professionals may encounter include Burnout Risk, Rapid Technological Change. Being aware of these potential obstacles can help you prepare and develop strategies to overcome them.

The highest employment levels for this occupation are found in Texas, offering strong job prospects in that region. The leading industry for this role is General merchandise retailers, which may provide additional opportunities for specialization and growth.

Whether you are just starting your career journey or looking to make a change, Food Preparation Workers offers a compelling mix of salary potential, job outlook, and personal fit. By understanding the key factors that influence success in this field, you can make informed decisions and position yourself for long-term achievement.

What They Do

Food Preparation Workers assist in preparing ingredients and meals in restaurants, cafeterias, and other food service establishments. They follow recipes, maintain kitchen cleanliness, and support cooks and chefs to ensure efficient food production. Their work is critical in food service, hospitality, and culinary operations.

This career is well suited for individuals who enjoy working with food, following procedures, and assisting in kitchen operations.

What Do Food Preparation Workers Do?

These professionals perform basic food preparation tasks, organize ingredients, and maintain sanitary conditions in the kitchen.

Common responsibilities include:

  • Washing, peeling, cutting, and preparing ingredients
  • Assisting in cooking or assembling menu items
  • Maintaining cleanliness and sanitation of work areas, equipment, and utensils
  • Storing food properly and checking for quality
  • Following recipes and portion guidelines
  • Supporting cooks, chefs, or kitchen staff in daily operations
  • Monitoring kitchen inventory and restocking supplies as needed

Key Areas of Food Preparation

Food preparation workers may focus on specific tasks or types of cuisine:

  • Ingredient Preparation: Washing, chopping, and measuring ingredients
  • Basic Cooking and Assembly: Preparing salads, sandwiches, or simple dishes
  • Sanitation and Safety: Maintaining hygiene standards and safe food handling
  • Inventory and Storage: Managing supplies and ensuring proper storage
  • Support for Kitchen Staff: Assisting chefs, cooks, or culinary teams

Skills and Abilities Needed

Food preparation workers combine basic culinary skills with attention to detail and efficiency.

Core Professional Skills

- Basic food preparation techniques - Knowledge of food safety and hygiene practices - Ability to follow recipes and instructions - Organization and time management in kitchen settings - Equipment handling and cleaning - Teamwork and collaboration with kitchen staff

Personal Qualities That Matter

- Attention to detail and accuracy - Physical stamina and manual dexterity - Ability to follow instructions - Reliability and punctuality - Team-oriented attitude - Adaptability and willingness to learn

Education and Career Pathway

This role typically requires minimal formal education and on-the-job training:

  • High School Diploma or GED (minimum): Basic math, reading, and communication skills
  • On-the-Job Training: Learning food preparation techniques and kitchen procedures
  • Culinary Courses (optional): Enhancing skills in cooking, nutrition, or food safety
  • Internships or Practical Experience: Gaining experience in restaurants, cafeterias, or catering
  • Continuous Learning: Staying informed on food safety standards, cooking methods, and kitchen technology

Where Do Food Preparation Workers Work?

They are employed in organizations that prepare and serve food:

  • Restaurants, Cafés, and Diners
  • Schools, Hospitals, and Cafeterias
  • Catering Services and Event Venues
  • Hotels and Resorts
  • Institutional or Industrial Kitchens

Work environments include kitchens, preparation areas, food service lines, and catering sites.

Is This Career Difficult?

This career requires physical stamina, attention to hygiene, and the ability to work efficiently in fast-paced environments. Workers must manage multiple tasks while supporting kitchen staff.

Who Should Consider This Career?

This career may be a strong fit if you:

  • Enjoy working with food and assisting in kitchen operations
  • Are detail-oriented and organized
  • Can follow instructions and maintain hygiene standards
  • Have physical stamina and adaptability
  • Want a career in food service, hospitality, or culinary support

How to Prepare Early

  • Take courses in food safety, nutrition, or basic cooking
  • Volunteer or work part-time in kitchens, cafeterias, or catering
  • Develop teamwork, time management, and organization skills
  • Learn proper handling and storage of ingredients
  • Explore vocational programs or training in culinary arts

Food preparation workers support the kitchen by preparing ingredients, maintaining hygiene, and assisting cooks, contributing to efficient and safe food service operations.

Career Video

Video from CareerOneStop, sponsored by U.S. Department of Labor

Key facts

Median: $34,220
Employment: 30,900
Growth (2024–2034): -3.0%
Education: No formal educational credential

Top Skills

Dexterity Interpersonal skills Listening skills Physical stamina Physical strength

StartRight Career Intelligence Metrics

Job Growth Outlook

-3.0%
Declining: Fewer jobs are expected in the future, so competition may be higher.

Automation Risk Assessment

Low Risk
25.0% probability of being automated in the next 10-20 years. This job is relatively safe from automation due to its creative, social, or complex problem-solving requirements.

Work-Life Balance Score

6.7/10
Good work-life balance based on typical work schedules, stress levels, and time demands.

Personality Fit (RIASEC Profile)

7.0
Realistic
3.8
Investigative
4.6
Artistic
7.6
Social
5.2
Enterprising
6.0
Conventional
Powered by O*NET Career Profiling

Personality Match: The higher the score (out of 10), the better this career matches that personality type. People with similar interests and work styles tend to be most satisfied in careers that match their personality profile.

O*NET Official Logo Official assessment tool by the U.S. Department of Labor

Strengths

  • High Demand
  • Flexible Work
  • Continuous Learning

Challenges

  • Burnout Risk
  • Rapid Technological Change

Median Salary Comparison

Employment projection (2024–2034)

Geographic Employment & Wage Analysis

BLS OEWS Data Updated 2024-05
View Interactive BLS Maps

States with Highest Employment

  • Texas 106,040
  • California 98,950
  • Florida 67,030
  • New York 51,880
  • Louisiana 35,130
  • Illinois 29,320
  • Georgia 27,200
  • New Jersey 25,170
  • North Carolina 24,420
  • Minnesota 23,720
BLS OEWS data (2024-05)

Regional Wage Variations

  • Texas -16%
    $28,660
  • California +11%
    $38,150
  • Florida 3%
    $35,190
  • New York 5%
    $36,030
  • Louisiana -33%
    $22,900
  • Illinois 0%
    $34,180
  • Georgia -4%
    $32,890
  • New Jersey 2%
    $34,910
  • North Carolina -14%
    $29,410
  • Minnesota 2%
    $34,820
BLS OEWS state wage data
Top Metropolitan Areas
New York-Newark-Jersey City
Employment: High Growth: +3.2%
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Employment: High Growth: +2.8%
Chicago-Naperville-Elgin
Employment: Medium Growth: +1.5%
Dallas-Fort Worth
Employment: Medium Growth: +4.1%
San Francisco-Oakland
Employment: High Growth: +2.3%
Based on BLS metropolitan area data
Industries with Highest Concentrations
General merchandise retailers
85%
Educational services; state, local, and private
70%
Grocery and specialty food retailers
55%
Regional Job Market Outlook
Strong
West Coast
Stable
Northeast
Growing
South