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Waiters and Waitresses

SOC: 35-3031 • Data from U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics & O*NET

Key Insights

Waiters and Waitresses are a dynamic career within the sector, offering a unique blend of opportunities and challenges for professionals seeking meaningful work.

The median annual salary for this occupation is $33,760, which is below the typical salary for this field. Over the next decade, employment is projected to decline by -1.0%, which may mean increased competition for roles . The automation risk for this occupation is 20.0%. This suggests a high degree of job security, as automation is less likely to impact this role in the near future. Work-life balance is rated as 6.2, which can be an important factor for job satisfaction and overall well-being.

Individuals with Social, Realistic, or Conventional personality traits tend to thrive in this career. Key skills for success include Communication skills, Customer-service skills, Detail oriented, Physical stamina, Physical strength. Developing and refining these abilities can set you apart from other candidates and help you excel in your role. Notable strengths for this occupation are High Demand, Flexible Work, Continuous Learning. Leveraging these strengths can lead to greater job satisfaction and career advancement. Some common challenges professionals may encounter include Burnout Risk, Rapid Technological Change. Being aware of these potential obstacles can help you prepare and develop strategies to overcome them.

The highest employment levels for this occupation are found in California, offering strong job prospects in that region. The leading industry for this role is Traveler accommodation, which may provide additional opportunities for specialization and growth.

Whether you are just starting your career journey or looking to make a change, Waiters and Waitresses offers a compelling mix of salary potential, job outlook, and personal fit. By understanding the key factors that influence success in this field, you can make informed decisions and position yourself for long-term achievement.

What They Do

Waiters and Waitresses are frontline hospitality professionals who provide table service, food delivery, and customer care in restaurants, cafes, hotels, and other dining establishments. They act as the primary connection between the kitchen and guests, ensuring orders are accurate, service is timely, and dining experiences are welcoming and enjoyable.

This career is well suited for individuals who enjoy working with people, thrive in fast-paced environments, and take pride in delivering excellent customer service.

What Do Waiters and Waitresses Do?

Waiters and waitresses manage guest service throughout the dining experience.

Common responsibilities include:

  • Greeting guests and presenting menus
  • Taking food and beverage orders accurately
  • Communicating orders to kitchen and bar staff
  • Serving meals and drinks promptly and professionally
  • Checking on guests to ensure satisfaction
  • Handling special requests or dietary needs
  • Processing payments and closing checks

Types of Serving Roles

Waiters and waitresses may work in different dining settings:

  • Casual Dining Servers: Provide service in family-style or informal restaurants.
  • Fine Dining Servers: Deliver high-end, detail-focused service experiences.
  • Banquet or Event Servers: Serve guests at weddings, conferences, or large events.
  • Breakfast or Café Servers: Work in fast-paced morning or café environments.
  • Room Service Servers: Deliver meals in hotels or resorts.

Skills and Abilities Needed

Waiters and waitresses combine service skills with organization and communication.

Core Professional Skills

- Customer service and hospitality etiquette - Menu knowledge and food descriptions - Order accuracy and multitasking - Time management during busy service periods - Point-of-sale (POS) system operation - Clear communication with guests and staff

Personal Qualities That Matter

- Friendly and positive attitude - Patience and emotional resilience - Strong memory and attention to detail - Ability to stay calm under pressure - Physical stamina for long shifts - Team-oriented mindset

Education and Training Pathway

Most waiters and waitresses enter the role with minimal formal education:

  • No Formal Education Required (typical): Training provided on the job
  • On-the-Job Training: Learning menus, service standards, and procedures
  • Food Safety Certification: Required in many locations
  • Customer Service Experience: Helpful for advancement
  • Continued Skill Development: Improving service and upselling techniques

Where Do Waiters and Waitresses Work?

They are employed across a wide range of food service environments:

  • Restaurants and Cafes
  • Hotels and Resorts
  • Bars and Lounges
  • Catering and Event Venues
  • Cruise Ships and Entertainment Venues

Work schedules often include nights, weekends, and holidays.

How Much Do Waiters and Waitresses Earn?

Earnings vary by location, establishment, and tipping structure:

  • Base Pay: Often hourly wages, sometimes at tipped minimum levels
  • Tips and Gratuities: Can significantly increase total income
  • Experienced or Fine Dining Servers: Typically earn higher overall compensation

Income may fluctuate based on shifts, seasonality, and customer volume.

Is This Career Difficult?

Serving can be physically and emotionally demanding. Workers must stay on their feet for long periods, manage multiple tables, and handle difficult situations with professionalism. The challenge lies in maintaining speed, accuracy, and friendliness during peak service times.

Who Should Consider Becoming a Waiter or Waitress?

This career may be a strong fit if you:

  • Enjoy interacting with people
  • Work well in fast-paced environments
  • Are organized and detail-oriented
  • Can handle pressure and multitasking
  • Want a flexible job with transferable skills

How to Prepare Early

  • Practice communication and customer service skills
  • Learn basic food safety and hygiene rules
  • Develop time management and multitasking abilities
  • Gain experience in food service or hospitality roles
  • Observe and learn from experienced servers

Waiters and waitresses shape dining experiences through attentiveness, accuracy, and hospitality—turning meals into memorable moments by making guests feel welcomed, cared for, and well served from start to finish.

Career Video

Video from CareerOneStop, sponsored by U.S. Department of Labor

Key facts

Median: $33,760
Employment: 16,300
Growth (2024–2034): -1.0%
Education: No formal educational credential

Top Skills

Communication skills Customer-service skills Detail oriented Physical stamina Physical strength

StartRight Career Intelligence Metrics

Job Growth Outlook

-1.0%
Declining: Fewer jobs are expected in the future, so competition may be higher.

Automation Risk Assessment

Low Risk
20.0% probability of being automated in the next 10-20 years. This job is relatively safe from automation due to its creative, social, or complex problem-solving requirements.

Work-Life Balance Score

6.2/10
Good work-life balance based on typical work schedules, stress levels, and time demands.

Personality Fit (RIASEC Profile)

7.0
Realistic
3.8
Investigative
4.6
Artistic
7.6
Social
5.2
Enterprising
6.0
Conventional
Powered by O*NET Career Profiling

Personality Match: The higher the score (out of 10), the better this career matches that personality type. People with similar interests and work styles tend to be most satisfied in careers that match their personality profile.

O*NET Official Logo Official assessment tool by the U.S. Department of Labor

Strengths

  • High Demand
  • Flexible Work
  • Continuous Learning

Challenges

  • Burnout Risk
  • Rapid Technological Change

Median Salary Comparison

Employment projection (2024–2034)

Geographic Employment & Wage Analysis

BLS OEWS Data Updated 2024-05
View Interactive BLS Maps

States with Highest Employment

  • California 243,300
  • Texas 210,170
  • Florida 208,920
  • New York 140,890
  • Illinois 84,550
  • Pennsylvania 82,920
  • Ohio 76,260
  • North Carolina 74,110
  • Georgia 71,870
  • Michigan 64,920
BLS OEWS data (2024-05)

Regional Wage Variations

  • California 5%
    $35,290
  • Texas -17%
    $27,930
  • Florida -12%
    $29,580
  • New York +38%
    $46,460
  • Illinois -14%
    $29,120
  • Pennsylvania -10%
    $30,300
  • Ohio +7%
    $36,030
  • North Carolina -16%
    $28,460
  • Georgia -41%
    $20,040
  • Michigan +6%
    $35,940
BLS OEWS state wage data
Top Metropolitan Areas
New York-Newark-Jersey City
Employment: High Growth: +3.2%
Los Angeles-Long Beach
Employment: High Growth: +2.8%
Chicago-Naperville-Elgin
Employment: Medium Growth: +1.5%
Dallas-Fort Worth
Employment: Medium Growth: +4.1%
San Francisco-Oakland
Employment: High Growth: +2.3%
Based on BLS metropolitan area data
Industries with Highest Concentrations
Traveler accommodation
85%
Arts, entertainment, and recreation
70%
Food services and drinking places
55%
Regional Job Market Outlook
Strong
West Coast
Stable
Northeast
Growing
South